Serum is the specimen of choice for dengue diagnosis. Following these meetings, guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and control of dengue fever were developed by the world health organization who in 1975. The combined determination of ns1 and specific antibodies enables reliable diagnosis of dengue virus infections in all phases. Read more information on homeopathic remedies, risks, and prevention. If you become sick after traveling to a tropical area, let. Learn more about dengue fever causes, sign and symptoms, treatment and diagnosis at findatopdoc. Severe dengue requires hospitalization and can be life threatening.
Transmission from human to human is predominantly by the mosquito aedes aegypti, which bites in the daytime, is adapted to human habitats and has a preference for human blood meals. According to the pan american health organization paho, the clinical description of dengue fever is an acute febrile illness of 27 days duration associated with 2 or more of the following. Endemic in more than 120 countries, particularly the southeast asian and western pacific regions, the caribbe. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. Ini ditemukan di wilayah tropis dan sub tropis di seluruh dunia. The world is in the grip of a dengue pandemic heralded in 1977 by the emergence of each of the four dengue viruses from asia to the americas. A new tool for the diagnosis and molecular surveillance of. The complications of severe dengue can lead to collapse and sometimes death. Dengue or breakbone fever is high on the list of mosquitoborne diseases that may worsen with global warming. It is an important cause of fever in the returned traveller. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information center. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a. Dengue fever presents in a nonspecific manner and may not be distinguishable from other viral or bacterial illness. This map displays the global probability of occurrence for dengue fever in 2010.
Patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin acetylsalicylic acid, aspirincontaining drugs, and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen because of their anticoagulant properties. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue is a highly endemic infectious disease of the tropical countries and is rapidly becoming a global burden. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment and should not be relied on to make decisions about your health. Dengue is endemic in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world and has occurred among u. Call your doctor right away if you develop any of the following. While recovering from dengue fever, watch for signs and symptoms of dehydration. Dengue has become a widespread infection over the past few year, extending from endemic to nonendemic areas. Infants and young children may have a nonspecific febrile illness with rash. Dengue fever is a viral infection that can cause lifethreatening illness, milder flulike illness, or no symptoms at all.
A rapid deterioration can occur 25 days after onset of fever. Dengue infection causes dengue fever that is not life threatening. Dengue fever genetic and rare diseases information. Countries or territories in which dengue or dengue haemorrhagic fever is known to occur, by who region, 19751996 pdf, 26kb annex 2. In recent decades, the number of new cases of dengue has increased. Acetaminophen tylenol, others can alleviate pain and reduce fever. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Figure 2 average annual number of dengue fever df and dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf cases reported to who, and of countries reporting dengue, 19552007. Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of climate.
Dec 01, 2012 dengue fever df, caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial nonspecific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dhf and shock dengue shock syndrome, or dss. During the two weeks prior to onset of fever, travel to a dengue endemic country or presence in a location experiencing an ongoing dengue outbreak. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses. Anyone showing symptoms of dengue should see a doctor as soon as possible. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq hawaii island. In addition to fever and at least 2 clinical findings, diagnosis of df requires epidemiological or laboratory evidence supporting a dengue virus infection. Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control 2009, p4. Although the fever has gone away, the next phase of dengue can be dangerous for some people. Caring for a child or family member sick with dengue. Dengue fever bahasa indonesia version aedes albopictus, yang dapat menyebarkan penyakit ini, umumnya ditemukan di hong kong.
Dengue fever symptoms, diagnosis and treatment bmj. Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquitoborne infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Serological diagnosis also relies on an increase in dengue igg titre. Texas has the highest number of cases of dengue fever in the united states. Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. Rapid risk assessment local transmission of dengue fever in france and spain 2018 22 october 2018 3 disease background information dengue virus dengue is a mosquitoborne disease caused by dengue virus, a member of the flaviviridae family. Doctors can diagnose dengue infection with a blood test to check for the virus or antibodies to it. Frequently asked questions faq hawaii island outbreak. Dengue fever df, caused by dengue virus, is an arboviral disease characterized by an initial nonspecific febrile illness that can sometimes progress to more severe forms manifesting capillary leakage and hemorrhage dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dhf and shock dengue shock syndrome, or.
Clinicians should consider dengue in a patient with a clinically compatible illness, and who lives in or recently traveled to a diseaseendemic area external icon in the 2 weeks before symptom onset. This increase is believed to be to be due to multiple factors. Periode inkubasi dalam jangka 3 14 hari, biasanya 4 7 hari. As early symptoms of df mimic those of other diseases such as malaria or leptospirosis. Who has since then provided relentless support to its member states by way of technical assistance. Dengue is a vectorborne viral infection and a globally important public health problem. It was then, and remains today, the most important arthropodborne viral disease of humans. According to the pan american health organization paho, the clinical description of dengue fever is an acute febrile illness of 27 days duration associated with 2. In very technical terms, this is done by antigendetection elisa or prpcr during the acute phase of the disease or by igm elisa or paired serology during the recovery phase of dengue fever. Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. Mosquitoes in the uk do not spread the dengue virus. Fever frequently asked questions georgia department of.
Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america. Tidak ada penanganan khusus untuk demam dengue dan dengue parah. How does your doctor or other healthcare provider determine if you have contracted dengue fever. At the sixtyseventh world health assembly in may 2014, several member states raised the public health and economic burdens of dengue in the plenary discussion on the link between climate and health. Imported arbovirus infections in spain, 20092018 volume 26. Symptoms symptoms of typical uncomplicated classic dengue usually start with fever within 4 to 7 days after you have been bitten by an infected mosquito. Elisa provides greater sensitivity, the strip format is amenable. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Identification kits for infectious agents are available in 96well format and can. In dengueendemic regions, suspected, probable, and confirmed cases of dengue infection should be reported to the relevant authorities as soon as possible.
Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and is caused by one of four dengue viruses. Once you are infected with one of the dengue viruses, you will develop immunity to that. Until this pandemic is controlled, millions of patients with acute dengue illnesses. Dengue fever df and its more serious forms, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf and dengue shock syndrome dss, are becoming important public health problems and were formally included within the disease portfolio of the united nations development programme. For example, a 20% probability of occurrence means that the likelihood that someone in the 5 sq km region will contract dengue within the year is 20%. Patients typically present with acute onset of fever, headache, body aches, and sometimes rash spreading from the trunk. Select up to three search categories and corresponding keywords using the fields to the right. Warning signs generally begin in the 2448 hours after the fever has gone away. Dengue fever is a globally important arboviral infection transmitted by the aedes genus of mosquito primarily a aegypti, but also a albopictus, found in tropical and subtropical regions. F, severe headache, retroorbital behind the eye pain, severe joint and muscle pain, nausea and vomiting, and rash. Laboratory test for the diagnosis of dengue world health. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classic incapacitating disease with high fever of abrupt onset. Severe dengue infection can lead to death, therefore, clinicians should should aim for. The diagnosis of dengue fever is usually confirmed in the laboratory by serologic tests on blood samples from the patient.
Dengue fever is common in tropical areas, so take extra precautions if you travel somewhere with this type of. May 03, 2019 dengue fever presents in a nonspecific manner and may not be distinguishable from other viral or bacterial illness. Virus dengue memiliki empat jenis serotipe, yang setiap jenis. The differential diagnosis of fever in a traveller returning from asia, south and central america, west, central and east africa includes malaria, dengue, hepatitis a, typhoid fever, invasive bacterial. Dengue is an endemic viral disease affecting tropical and subtropical regions around the world, predominantly in urban and semiurban areas. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Efficient and accurate diagnosis of dengue is of primary importance for clinical care i. Blood collected three days after onset of illness tested positive for dengue by rtpcr. Singkatnya, demam dengue adalah penyakit endemis di banyak negara di asia tenggara. Diagnosis may prove to be quite difficult without professional help since some of dengues symptoms can be mistaken for the common flu, malaria, leptospirosis, and typhoid fever. Apr 24, 2020 dengue has become a widespread infection over the past few year, extending from endemic to nonendemic areas. The clinical features of dengue fever vary according to the age of the patient.
In a secondary dengue infection, dengue igm antibodies usually appear earlier from day two post fever onset and with a shorter duration. With 20092016 medical record data from rural ecuador, we studied the short and longterm seasonal patterns of dengue fever, as well as the effect of school schedules and public. Is it safe to travel to the big island and the rest of hawaii. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash that is similar to measles. This acute febrile illness can be a deadly infection in cases of severe manifestation, causing dengue hemorrhagic shock. X dont give platelet transfusions for a low platelet count.
Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever frequently asked questions what is dengue. Rapid risk assessment local transmission of dengue fever in france and spain 2018 22 october 2018 2 options for response early detection of imported cases is key to prevent onward transmission through the introduction of dengue virus by a viraemic traveller into an. About 1 in 20 people with dengue will develop severe dengue. Dengue fever the clinical features of df frequently depend on the age of the patient. Pdf dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquitoborne infectious. Uptodate, electronic clinical resource tool for physicians and patients that provides information on adult primary care and internal medicine, allergy and immunology, cardiovascular medicine, emergency medicine, endocrinology and diabetes, family medicine, gastroenterology and hepatology, hematology, infectious diseases, nephrology and. The specimen to be collected and the diagnostic method depend on which clinical phase of the disease the patient is in. Apr 27, 2020 dengue fever is a common tropical infection.
Demam dengue adalah infeksi akut yang dibawa nyamuk yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue. The infection is endemic in more than 100 countries, particularly the south east asia region, western pacific region, and the americas. Author summary dengue fever, an extensively spread mosquitoborne disease, is endemic in more than 100 countries. A new tool for the diagnosis and molecular surveillance of dengue infections in clinical samples 88 dengue bulletin vol 28, 2004 of febrile illness in tourists and people working in dengueendemic reas5,6,7,8a. Dengue guidelines, for diagnosis, treatment, prevention. Contents ii who library cataloguing in publication data dengue haemorrhagic fever.
Seasonal patterns of dengue fever in rural ecuador. Zika, chikungunya, and dengue virus infections should all be considered for patients with acute fever, rash, myalgia, or arthralgia who have traveled within the previous 2 weeks to an area with ongoing transmission or are living in an area with ongoing transmission. Laboratory diagnosis and diagnostic tests dengue ncbi. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by infection with one of four dengue viruses denv transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes during the taking of a blood meal. Feb 16, 2018 diagnosing dengue fever can be difficult, because its signs and symptoms can be easily confused with those of other diseases such as malaria, leptospirosis and typhoid fever. Author summary dengue fever exhibits a seasonal pattern in many parts of the world, much of which has been attributed to climate and weather. Read about causes, vaccine, history, transmission, diagnosis and treatments, and see pictures of this mosquitoborne illness.
Information about dengue disease burden, its prevalence and incidence and geographic distribution is necessary to guide in planning appropriate control measures including the dengue vaccine that has recently been licensed in a few countries. Be sure to describe international trips in detail, including the countries you visited and the dates. They are not indicated and can increase the risk of gi bleeding, hyperglycemia, and immunosuppression. Dengue fever symptoms and signs include rash, fever, chills, fatigue, headache, and joint pain. Local transmission of dengue fever in france and spain 2018. Imported dengue united states, 1999 and 2000 dengue is a mosquitotransmitted acute viral illness caused by any of the four dengue virus serotypes den1, den2, den3, and den4. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis view in chinese classification scheme describing three categories of symptomatic denv infection. It is caught by people visiting or living in asia, the americas or the caribbean. Classic dengue fever, or break bone fever, is characterized by acute onset of high. Your doctor may also perform blood tests to correctly diagnose your condition. F, severe headache, retroorbital behind the eye pain, severe joint and muscle pain, nausea and vomiting, and. Welcome to cdc stacks dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever.
The viruses are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. Dengue disease varies from mild fever to severe conditions of dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. Infection may be asymptomatic or present with a broad range of clinical manifestations including a mild febrile illness to a lifethreatening shock syndrome. However, additional factors may contribute to dengue seasonality. Racgp dengue clinical and public health ramifications. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq hawaii. Guidelines for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Pdf early diagnosis of dengue, the most common mosquitoborne disease globally, remains. Infants and young children may have an undifferentiated febrile disease, often with a maculopapular rash. However, a severe form of the disease called dengue hemorrhagic fever dh or dengue shock syndrome dss, proven to be fatal. Disease surveillance and outbreak prevention and control pdf, 58kb chapter 7.
Your doctor will likely ask about your medical and travel history. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq general questions. Among patients with dengue infection, 3 had a previous diagnosis of hiv infection, 2 were immunosuppressed secondary to medication, and 1 was immunosuppressed for unspecified cause. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection the. Dengue fever is a severe, flulike illness that affects infants, young children and adults, but seldom causes death. It is caused by any of the 4 serotypes of dengue virus and is transmitted within humans through female aedes mosquitoes. Dengue is classified as 1 undifferentiated fever, 2 dengue fever df, and 3 dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. Refer to the help section for more detailed instructions.
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